American+Role+in+Europe+3rd+Period

=American Role in Europe= Americas role in Europe was to help other Countries. At first the U.S said they were not going to join, but certain circumstances lead them to join Great Brittan.

=Marshall plan:=
 * Truman Doctrine: This was a doctrine that President Harry Truman signed to keep Greece and Turkey from being taken over and controlled by the soviets. President Truman felt that it was in the best interest of the world to keep these two Countries their own. It granted Greece and Turkey 500 million dollars to help protect themselves from the Soviet army. The Doctrine was informally extended to become the basis of American Cold War policy throughout Europe and around the world. It made U.S relation with the Soviets from friendship to containment.
 * Decolonization: After the war, most European countries gave up their colonies in Africa and Asia. England, the Netherlands and Denmark still have some today, but the majority of them gained their independence. Israel continued it struggle for independence until 1948 when it won a war against a league of Arabic countries.
 * The Marshall plan was a large scale economic program of the U.S. to help rebuild a stronger foundation for European economy. Also known as European Recovery Program ( ERP). It was issued in June, 1947The Marshall plan is essentially this: For the next four years, staring April 1st, we will give 16 European nations, that are taking part in the plan, about $17,000,000,000. One country that opposed the Marshall plan was Russia.[| http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=2X5QAAAAIBAJ&sjid=kw0EAAAAIBAJ&dq=marshall%20plan&pg=7196%2C5894628]

= = =**Examples of the Truman Doctrine being exercised**:= = =

**Berlin Airlift**
http://m.youtube.com/index?desktop_uri=%2F&gl=US#/watch?v=fQ30Rgc5Prc


 * The **Berlin Blockade** was one of the first major international crises of the Cold War and it was the first that resulted in casualties. The Blockade went from (24 June 1948 – 12 May 1949). The Soviet Union blocked Western Allies' access to Berlin, their goal was to force the western powers to allow the Soviet zone to start supplying Berlin with food and fuel, thereby giving the Soviets practical control over the entire city. In response, the Western Allies organized the **Berlin Airlift** to carry supplies to the people in West Berlin. The airlift was successful and by April the airlift was delivering more cargo than had previously been transported into the city by rail. The blockade was lifted in May 1949 and resulted in the creation of two separate German stat es the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) and the German Democratic Republic (East Germany). The U.S. was part of the airlift and the United States Air Force flew over 200,000 flights in one year, providing up to 4700 tonnes of daily necessities such as fuel and food to the Berliners.

Greek Civil War

 * The Greek Civil War was fought between 1946 and 1949. This war was between the Greek governmental army and the Greek communist army. U.S. financial aid stabilized the Greek government and its military.

Turkish Civil War

 * Civil War in Turkey that broke out when Britain went bankrupt and couldn't support Turkey. The U.S. provided aid to Turkey.

=Decolonization:=
 * = After the war, most European countries gave up their colonies in Africa and Asia. England, the Netherlands and Denmark still have some today, but the majority of them gained their independence. Israel continued it struggle for independence until 1948 when it won a war against a league of Arabic countries. The Third World emerged in 1945 when European nations began letting their colonies go independent. The name originates from Medieval times where the Third Estate referred to peasants and servants. The transition from colony to independent nation for my nations was very smooth, however. In fact, many of them still honor the Queen of England as their head of state and have held on to some British Policies. =
 * The United States was affected by decolonization in a few ways. The first was that America had a new market to deal with. With many new countries joining a the market, they had to adjust prices and even help countries in need. The Third World is generally very poverty struck and the United States offers help to such countries.
 * http://honolulu.hawaii.edu/distance/hist/decol.htm
 * [[image:http://mapsof.net/uploads/static-maps/thumbnails/decolonization_of_africa_pl_451x0.png]]